This 1820 map of Podolsk Province is from a larger work, Geograficheskii atlas Rossiiskoi imperii, tsarstva Pol'skogo i velikogo kniazhestva Finliandskogo (Geographical atlas of the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Poland, and the Grand Duchy of Finland), containing 60 maps of the Russian Empire. Compiled and engraved by Colonel V.P. Piadyshev, it reflects the detailed mapping carried out by Russian military cartographers in the first quarter of the 19th century. The map shows population centers (six gradations by size), postal stations, roads (four types), provincial and district borders, taverns, and customs outposts. Distances are shown in versts, a Russian measure, now no longer used, equal to 1.07 kilometers. Legends and place-names are in Russian and Polish. The history of the Podolsk region goes back to Antiquity, when Greek scholars such as Herodotus identified it as a home to the Scythians. Part of the East European Plain, the region was a corridor for invasions and migrations by different peoples into Europe. From the ninth century to the 14th century control of the region shifted from Kievan Rus’ to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and to the Mongol Golden Horde. The Podolsk region eventually became a part of Poland and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. It was split between the Austrian and Russian Empires in the First (1772) and Second (1793) Partitions of Poland. The eastern portion became Podolsk Province within Russia in 1793, as shown on this map. The territory of the former Podolsk Province is now located within Khmelnytska Oblast in present-day Ukraine.