Thomas Grahame Bailey (1872–1942) was a Church of Scotland missionary in India who made extensive studies of northern Indian languages. After studying Hindi and Urdu at the London University School of Oriental Studies, he went on to publish books on Panjabi (now usually called Punjabi), Himalayan dialects, Urdu, Kanauri, Kashmiri, Shina, and other languages. Panjabi Grammar: A Brief Grammar of Panjabi As Spoken in the Wazirabad District was written at the request of an official of the government of Punjab, in what was then a part of British India. Bailey chose to write about the language as it was spoken in the villages lying within ten miles (16 kilometers) of the town of Wazirabad, and gave preference to “village Panjabi, as being purer and more vigorous than city speech.” The book provides an overview of Punjabi grammar, in English with transliterations of Punjabi words. Topics covered include pronunciation, the gender of nouns, cases, regular and irregular verbs, tenses, and adjectives and adverbs. Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language, widely spoken in a number of distinct dialects in present-day northwest India and eastern Pakistan.