Quan shan jing (Book of exhortation to beneficence), also known as Tai shang gan ying pian (Tract of Lord Laozi on actions and consequences; or Tract of Lord Laozi on rewards and punishments), has two parts. Part one is a translation of the Daoist classic Tai shang gan ying pian, a work associated with Laozi, one of the founders of Daoism thought to have lived in the sixth century BC. Part two is an exposition of the moral standards of the Yi people. (“Yi” is a term used for some non-Chinese tribes, mostly in southern China.) It expresses the views held by the Yi, their traditional ethics and moral concepts, as reflected in their customs and religious teachings. The work is written in Yi script. It provides explanations to each line and sentence, exhorting readers to do good deeds, lead a virtuous life, and treat nature well. It emphasizes the traditional concept that “Good will be rewarded with good, and evil with evil.” It also proposes learning progressive ideas from the Chinese, including those relating to technology and production. The pages of the first part of the book are replacements of a later date, and the last few pages are damaged.