Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville (1697−1782) was an important French cartographer known for his scrupulous attention to detail and his commitment to accuracy. His method was to collect and compare as many sources of geographic information as possible and to correct and reissue maps as new information became available. His own personal collection of maps eventually totaled nearly 9,000 items. This map of 1751 by d’Anville shows the part of Asia from its border with Africa and Europe in the west to most of the Indian subcontinent and Tibet in the east. Brief notes describe parts of the Arabian Peninsula as “very dry” and “covered with sand.” Qatar is listed as Catura. Kandahar, Kabul, and Herat are shown, and a garbled version of the name Afghanistan—“Agvanistan”—appears. Borders on this copy are indicated by hand-drawn lines in colored ink. No fewer than 12 different scales of distance are provided, a testament to d’Anville’s commitment to detail and the lack of standardization at the time.